Ubuntu apt: Difference between revisions
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== Get all non LTS packages == | == Get all non LTS packages == | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=awk> | ||
# dpkg --list | awk '/^ii/ {print $2}' | xargs apt-cache show | awk ' | # dpkg --list | awk '/^ii/ {print $2}' | xargs apt-cache show | awk ' | ||
BEGIN{ | BEGIN{ | ||
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== Ubuntu support status == | == Ubuntu support status == | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
$ ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported | $ ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported | ||
</source> | </source> | ||
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== Configuring a proxy for apt == | == Configuring a proxy for apt == | ||
Put this into your /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00proxy : | Put this into your /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00proxy : | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
// Options for the downloading routines | // Options for the downloading routines | ||
Acquire | Acquire | ||
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</source> | </source> | ||
==Use this proxy config for in the shell== | ==Use this proxy config for in the shell== | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
eval $(apt-config dump Acquire | awk -F '(::| )' '$3 ~ /Proxy/{printf "%s_proxy=%s\nexport %s_proxy\n",$2,$4,$2;}') | eval $(apt-config dump Acquire | awk -F '(::| )' '$3 ~ /Proxy/{printf "%s_proxy=%s\nexport %s_proxy\n",$2,$4,$2;}') | ||
</source> | </source> | ||
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=== Pin the normal release === | === Pin the normal release === | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
# echo 'APT::Default-Release "xenial";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01pinning | # echo 'APT::Default-Release "xenial";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01pinning | ||
</source> | </source> | ||
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=== Upgrade to the packages from the new release === | === Upgrade to the packages from the new release === | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
# apt update | # apt update | ||
... | ... | ||
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=== Check with "apt-cache policy" which version is preferred now === | === Check with "apt-cache policy" which version is preferred now === | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
# apt-cache policy pdns-server pdns-tools | # apt-cache policy pdns-server pdns-tools | ||
pdns-server: | pdns-server: | ||
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=== Upgrade to the packages from the new release === | === Upgrade to the packages from the new release === | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
# apt install pdns-tools | # apt install pdns-tools | ||
Reading package lists... Done | Reading package lists... Done | ||
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=== Override pinning for one package === | === Override pinning for one package === | ||
< | <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> | ||
# apt -t zesty install libstdc++6 | # apt -t zesty install libstdc++6 | ||
... | ... | ||
</source> | </source> |
Revision as of 20:22, 25 November 2021
Get all non LTS packages
<syntaxhighlight lang=awk>
- dpkg --list | awk '/^ii/ {print $2}' | xargs apt-cache show | awk '
BEGIN{
support="none";
} /^Package:/,/^$/{
if(/^Package:/){ pkg=$2; } if(/^Supported:/){ support=$2; } if(/^$/ && support != "5y"){ printf "%s:\t%s\n", pkg, support; }
} /^$/ {
support="none";
}' </source>
Ubuntu support status
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash> $ ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported </source>
Configuring a proxy for apt
Put this into your /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00proxy : <syntaxhighlight lang=bash> // Options for the downloading routines Acquire {
Queue-Mode "host"; // host|access Retries "0"; Source-Symlinks "true";
// HTTP method configuration http { //Proxy::http.us.debian.org "DIRECT"; // Specific per-host setting Proxy "http://<user>:<password>@<proxy-host>:<proxy-port>"; Timeout "120"; Pipeline-Depth "5";
// Cache Control. Note these do not work with Squid 2.0.2 No-Cache "false"; Max-Age "86400"; // 1 Day age on index files No-Store "false"; // Prevent the cache from storing archives };
ftp { Proxy "http://<user>:<password>@<proxy-host>:<proxy-port>"; //Proxy::http.us.debian.org "DIRECT"; // Specific per-host setting
Timeout "120";
/* Passive mode control, proxy, non-proxy and per-host. Pasv mode is prefered if possible */ Passive "true"; Proxy::Passive "true"; Passive::http.us.debian.org "true"; // Specific per-host setting };
cdrom { mount "/cdrom";
// You need the trailing slash! "/cdrom" { Mount "sleep 1000"; UMount "sleep 500"; } };
}; </source>
Use this proxy config for in the shell
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash> eval $(apt-config dump Acquire | awk -F '(::| )' '$3 ~ /Proxy/{printf "%s_proxy=%s\nexport %s_proxy\n",$2,$4,$2;}') </source>
Getting some packages from a newer release
In this example we are living in xenial and want PowerDNS from zesty because we need CAA records in the nameservice.
Pin the normal release
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
- echo 'APT::Default-Release "xenial";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01pinning
</source>
Add new release to /etc/apt/sources.list
This is the /etc/apt/sources.list on my x86 64bit Ubuntu:
# Xenial deb [arch=amd64] http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe deb [arch=amd64] http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe # Zesty deb [arch=amd64] http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty main restricted universe deb [arch=amd64] http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-updates main restricted universe deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty-security main restricted universe
Tell apt via /etc/apt/preferences.d/... to prefer some packages from the new release
This is the /etc/apt/preferences.d/pdns:
Package: pdns-* Pin: release a=zesty, l=Ubuntu Pin-Priority: 1000 Package: pdns-* Pin: release a=zesty-updates, l=Ubuntu Pin-Priority: 1000 Package: pdns-* Pin: release a=zesty-security, l=Ubuntu Pin-Priority: 1000
Upgrade to the packages from the new release
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
- apt update
... 2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them. ... </source>
Check with "apt-cache policy" which version is preferred now
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
- apt-cache policy pdns-server pdns-tools
pdns-server:
Installed: 4.0.3-1 Candidate: 4.0.3-1 Version table: *** 4.0.3-1 1000 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty/universe amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status 4.0.0~alpha2-3build1 990 990 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages
pdns-tools:
Installed: (none) Candidate: 4.0.3-1 Version table: 4.0.3-1 1000 500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty/universe amd64 Packages 4.0.0~alpha2-3build1 990 990 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages
</source>
Upgrade to the packages from the new release
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
- apt install pdns-tools
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
pdns-tools : Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 6) but 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.5 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. </source>
This shows the pinning to xenial works ;-).
Override pinning for one package
<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
- apt -t zesty install libstdc++6
... </source>